Failure analysis and solution of industrial dust collector

Differential pressure inside the chamber of industrial dust collector is an important index to judge the operating condition of the dust collector equipment, which affects the life of the filter element and the energy consumption of the fan.VHICH has been in the field of industrial dust collector for many years, our service engineers have visited a large number of user sites, and solved a lot of problems of dust collector, and the high differential pressure is a very common failure. In our VHICH company after-sales to a large number of customers to visit the causes of high differential pressure dust collector can be roughly divided into the following four situations and successfully solved these problems.

I. The working conditions of the site lead to the blockage of the filter element.

Problem 1: Part of the dust surface area, strong adhesion, or dust surface oil, easy to adhere to the surface of the filter element, resulting in filter paste bag phenomenon.

Solution: You can add a pre-spraying device in front of the bag filter, spraying extra talcum powder or slaked lime, and mixing with sticky dust to reduce its stickiness.

Problem 2: Poor insulation of dust collector or air leakage in the shell, the temperature inside the dust collector appears to drop, and the gaseous substances in the flue gas (e.g. water vapor) appear to condense, increasing the humidity of the dust.

Solution: The dust collector system should take heat insulation and adiabatic measures, and do a good job of sealing to prevent air leakage of the equipment.

Problem 3: The dust concentration is high, and a thick layer of powder cake is formed on the surface of the filter element in a very short time, which rapidly reduces the original permeability of the filter element.

Solution: Add primary filter (e.g. cyclone dust collector) at the front end of dust collector to reduce the dust concentration in the flue gas so that it is within the normal range.

Second, dust collector design selection does not meet the needs of the working conditions

1、Filter material selection: the selected filter element does not match the dust characteristics of the working conditions, resulting in localized pores on the surface of the filter element is blocked.

Solution: For dust with high concentration, small particle size, high humidity and high viscosity, the filter element should be made of Shengchuan VHICH-Web fine fiber filter media or Tetratex-v1 coated filter bag. Filter material appearance smooth, porous, small pore size, high porosity, to avoid dust adhesion.

2、Filtering wind speed: If the filtering wind speed of the filter material is higher than the design value, it will lead to the compaction of dust on the surface of the filter element, and the differential pressure of the filter element will be abnormally high.

Solution: The load of the dust collector and the filtering wind speed of the filter media should be controlled, i.e., increase the filtering area, so that the filtering wind speed of the filter media is within the design range.

Third, dust collector blowing system failure

Problem 1: The setting of blowing system is abnormal, which affects the effect of dust cleaning.

Solution: Check whether the compressed air pressure is lower than the design pressure, or check whether the oil-water separator is normal, whether there is oil into the blowback system.

Problem 2: Pulse controller failure. The controller of the blowing system and its control of the solenoid valve, diaphragm valve can work properly to ensure that the premise of the effect of ash cleaning.

Solution: Check whether the pulse controller is normal, and manually check whether the output of each point is normal. If the solenoid valve, diaphragm valve failure, replace the faulty valve, valve core or diaphragm.

Fourth, dust collector daily operation and maintenance

Good dust collector site operation and maintenance work directly affects the change of differential pressure of the filter element. In the daily maintenance work, timely detection of abnormalities in the differential pressure of the cartridge, and take appropriate measures to solve the phenomenon of high differential pressure can be faster, thus avoiding the accumulation of problems leading to greater failures.

If abnormal differential pressure readings are found during routine maintenance, the following measures should be taken:

Check the pressure measurement hole for blockage and clean it;

Check if the air tube is broken and fractured, replace it;

Check whether the differential pressure gauge is normal and the sensor is normal, replace or repair.

If the cartridge element is found to be clogged and the backblowing cannot be restored, the following measures should be taken:

The differential pressure of the cartridge is abnormally high, check whether there is dust caking on the surface of the cartridge, and start it again after restoring the normal use condition;

Check whether the ash bucket is too much dust for a long time without cleaning, clean the ash bucket regularly;

Measure the operating air volume of the equipment, whether it is overloaded, adjust the dampers to restore the air volume to the design value of the equipment.